What is LIDAR/激光雷达的基本基本知识

LIDAR is an acronym for light detection and ranging (or light detection and radar).

LIDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) is an optical remote sensing technology that measures properties of scattered light to find range and/or other information of a distant target. The prevalent method to determine distance to an object or surface is to use laser pulses. Like the similar radar technology, which uses radio waves instead of light, the range to an object is determined by measuring the time delay between transmission of a pulse and detection of the reflected signal. LIDAR technology has application in archaeology, geography, geology, geomorphology, seismology, remote sensing and atmospheric physics^[1].Other terms for LIDAR include ALSM (Airborne Laser Swath Mapping) and laser altimetry.

what can you do with a lidar?
measure distance
measure speed
measure rotation
measure chemical composition and concentration

source:
http://www.lidar.com/index.htm
http://omfvlog.com/Lidar.html